Ike eji emeputa aluminom electrolytic zuru ụwa ọnụ na-adabere na onyinye akụrụngwa nke mpaghara ọ bụla.N'ime ha, coal na ike mmiri dị 85% nke ike ejiri.N'ime mmepụta aluminum electrolytic zuru ụwa ọnụ, osisi aluminom electrolytic dị na Asia, Oceania na Africa na-adabere na ike ọkụ ọkụ, na osisi aluminom electrolytic dị na Europe na South America na-adabere na ike mmiri.Mpaghara ndị ọzọ na-adabere na njirimara akụrụngwa ha, ike nke osisi aluminom electrolytic na-ejikwa dịgasị iche.Dịka ọmụmaatụ, Iceland na-eji ike geothermal eme ihe, France na-eji ike nuklia, Middle East na-ejikwa gas sitere n'okike emepụta ọkụ eletrik.
Dị ka nghọta onye edemede si kwuo, na 2019, mmepụta zuru ụwa ọnụ nke aluminom electrolytic bụ 64.33 nde tọn, na ikuku carbon bụ 1.052 ijeri tọn.Site na 2005 ruo 2019, ngụkọta ikuku carbon zuru ụwa ọnụ nke aluminom electrolytic mụbara site na nde tọn 555 ruo ijeri 1.052, mmụba nke 89.55%, yana mmụba nke 4.36%.
1. Mmetụta nke "carbon abụọ" na ụlọ ọrụ aluminum
Dị ka atụmatụ si kwuo, site na 2019 ruo 2020, ọkụ eletrik ụlọ nke aluminom electrolytic ga-aza ihe karịrị 6% nke ọkụ eletrik nke mba.Dabere na data ozi Baichuan, na 2019, 86% nke mmepụta aluminom nke ụlọ na-eji ike ọkụ dị ka.aluminom extruded, Ihe owuwu extrusion aluminum profaịlụwere gabazie .Dabere na data Antaike, na 2019, mkpokọta carbon dioxide nke ụlọ ọrụ aluminom electrolytic bụ ihe dị ka nde tọn 412, na-aza ihe dị ka 4% nke ikuku carbon dioxide nke mba nke ijeri tọn 10 n'afọ ahụ.Mgbapụta aluminom electrolytic dị elu nke ukwuu karịa nke ọla ndị ọzọ na ihe ndị na-abụghị ọla.
Igwe ọkụ na-ekpo ọkụ na-enye onwe ya bụ isi ihe na-eduga na ikuku carbon dị elu nke aluminom electrolytic.A na-ekewa njikọ ike nke mmepụta aluminum electrolytic n'ime mmepụta ike ọkụ na mmepụta hydropower.Iji ike ọkụ na-emepụta 1 ton nke aluminom electrolytic ga-ebupụta ihe dị ka tọn 11.2 nke carbon dioxide, na iji hydropower mepụta 1 ton nke aluminum electrolytic ga-ebupụ ihe fọrọ nke nta ka ọ bụrụ efu carbon dioxide.
A na-ekewa usoro oriri ọkụ eletrik nke mmepụta aluminum electrolytic na mba m na ọkụ eletrik na-enye onwe ya na ọkụ eletrik.Na njedebe nke 2019, oke ọkụ eletrik na-enye onwe ya n'ime ụlọ electrolytic aluminom ụlọ bụ ihe dịka 65%, ihe niile bụ ike ọkụ ọkụ;Ọnụ ọgụgụ nke ike grid bụ ihe dịka 35%, nke ike ọkụ ọkụ na-eme ihe dị ka 21% na ike ike dị ọcha bụ ihe dịka 14%.
Dabere na ngụkọ Antaike, n'okpuru ndabere nke "Atụmatụ Afọ ise nke 14" ịzọpụta ike na mbelata ikuku, usoro ike nke ọrụ ọrụ nke ụlọ ọrụ alumini electrolytic ga-eme mgbanwe ụfọdụ n'ọdịnihu, ọkachasị mgbe emebere imepụta aluminom electrolytic. A na-etinye ikike na mpaghara Yunnan n'ụzọ zuru oke, oke ike dị ọcha ejiri ga-abawanye nke ọma, site na 14% na 2019 ruo 24%.Site na mmụba n'ozuzu nke usoro ike ụlọ, a ga-emeziwanye usoro ike nke ụlọ ọrụ aluminum electrolytic.
2. Thermal ike aluminum ga-eji nwayọọ nwayọọ daa mbà
N'okpuru nkwa nke obodo m na nnọpụiche carbon, ike ọkụ "na-eme ka ike gwụ" ga-abụ ihe na-emekarị.Mgbe mmejuputa ụgwọ ọrụ ikuku carbon na iwu siri ike, uru nke ụlọ ọrụ ike nwere onwe ya nwere ike ịda mbà.
Iji tụnyere ọnụ ahịa dị iche iche nke ikuku carbon na-akpata, a na-eche na ọnụahịa nke ihe ndị ọzọ na-emepụta ihe dị ka anodes na-emebu na aluminom fluoride bụ otu, na ọnụahịa ịzụ ahịa carbon emissions bụ 50 yuan / ton.A na-eji ike ọkụ na ike mmiri na-emepụta 1 ton nke aluminum electrolytic.Ọdịiche nke ikuku carbon nke njikọ ahụ bụ tọn 11.2, na ọnụ ahịa ikuku carbon dị n'etiti abụọ bụ 560 yuan / ton.
N'oge na-adịbeghị anya, site na ịrị elu nke ọnụ ahịa coal ụlọ, nkezi ọkụ eletrik nke ụlọ ọrụ ọkụ na-enye onwe ya bụ 0.305 yuan / kWh, na nkezi ụgwọ mmiri mmiri nke ụlọ bụ naanị 0.29 yuan / kWh.Ọnụ ego aluminom kwa ton nke ụlọ ọrụ ọkụ na-enye onwe ya bụ yuan 763 dị elu karịa nke ike mmiri.N'okpuru mmetụta nke nnukwu ọnụ ahịa, ọtụtụ n'ime mba m ọhụrụ electrolytic aluminum oru dị na hydropower-ọgaranya ebe na Southwest mpaghara, na thermal ike aluminum ga-eji nwayọọ nwayọọ na-aghọta mmepụta mmepụta n'ọdịnihu.
3. Uru nke aluminom hydropower doro anya
Mmiri mmiri bụ ike na-abụghị ike fossil ọnụ kacha ala na obodo m, mana ikike mmepe ya nwere oke.N'afọ 2020, ike arụnyere ike mmiri nke obodo m ga-eru 370 nde kilowatts, na-aza 16.8% nke mkpokọta akụrụngwa arụnyere ike, yana ọ bụ akụ nke abụọ kachasị ukwuu na-emekarị ka coal.Otú ọ dị, e nwere "ụlọ elu" na mmepe nke ike mmiri.Dabere na nsonaazụ nyocha nke akụrụngwa ike mmiri nke mba, ikike mmepe ike mmiri nke obodo m erughị kilowatts 700, na ohere mmepe n'ọdịnihu dị oke.Ọ bụ ezie na mmepe nke ike mmiri nwere ike ịbawanye oke nke ike na-abụghị nke fosil ruo n'ókè ụfọdụ, nnukwu mmepe nke ike mmiri na-ejedebe site na onyinye akụrụngwa.
Ka ọ dị ugbu a, ọnọdụ ike mmiri dị ugbu a na obodo m bụ na a na-emechi obere ọrụ mmiri, na nnukwu ọrụ mmiri siri ike ịgbakwunye.Ike mmepụta ike hydropower dị ugbu a nke aluminom electrolytic ga-abụ uru ọnụ ahịa eke.N'ógbè Sichuan naanị, e nwere obere ọdụ ụgbọ mmiri 968 a ga-ewepụ ma mechie, 4,705 obere ọdụ ụgbọ mmiri dị mkpa ka edozi ma wepụ ya, emechiwo obere ọdụ ụgbọ mmiri 41 na Quanzhou City, mpaghara Fujian, na emechiwo obere ọdụ ụgbọ mmiri 19. na Fangxian County, Shiyan City, Hubei Province.Ọdụ ụgbọ mmiri na Xi'an, Shaanxi mechiri obere ọdụ ụgbọ mmiri 36, wdg Dị ka ọnụ ọgụgụ na-ezughị ezu si kwuo, a ga-emechi ihe karịrị 7,000 obere ọdụ ụgbọ mmiri na njedebe nke 2022. Owuwu nke nnukwu ọdụ ụgbọ mmiri chọrọ nhazigharị, ihe owuwu ahụ. oge na-adịkarị ogologo, ọ na-esikwa ike ịrụ n'ime obere oge.
4. Aluminom megharịrị ga-aghọ ntụziaka mmepe n'ọdịnihu
Mmepụta aluminum electrolytic gụnyere usoro 5: Ngwuputa bauxite, mmepụta alumina, nkwadebe anode, mmepụta aluminom electrolytic na nkedo ingot aluminum.Oriri ike nke ọkwa ọ bụla bụ: 1%, 21%, 2%, 74%.na 2%.Mmepụta nke aluminom nke abụọ gụnyere usoro 3: pretreatment, agbaze na njem.Oriri ike nke ọkwa ọ bụla bụ 56%, 24% na 20%.
Dị ka atụmatụ si kwuo, oriri ike nke imepụta 1 ton nke aluminum recycled bụ naanị 3% ruo 5% nke ike oriri nke aluminum electrolytic.Ọ nwekwara ike ibelata ọgwụgwọ nke ihe mkpofu siri ike, mmiri mmiri na-ekpofu ihe na ihe mkpofu, na mmepụta nke aluminom emegharịrị nwere uru doro anya nke nchekwa ike na mbelata ikuku.Tụkwasị na nke ahụ, n'ihi nguzogide siri ike nke aluminom, ma e wezụga ụfọdụ akpa kemịkalụ na ngwaọrụ nke aluminom, aluminom adịghị emebi emebi mgbe a na-eji ya eme ihe, na-enwe obere mfu, enwere ike ịmegharị ya ọtụtụ oge.Ya mere, aluminom bụ nke a na-emegharị nke ọma, na iji aluminom scrap na-emepụta alloys aluminum nwere uru akụ na ụba dị ịrịba ama karịa aluminum electrolytic.
N'ọdịnihu, na mmelite nke ịdị ọcha na nrụzi nke aluminum alloy ingots recycled na mmepe nke teknụzụ nkedo, ngwa nke aluminum recycled ga-eji nwayọọ nwayọọ banye n'ime ụlọ ọrụ mmepụta ihe, nkwurịta okwu, ngwá electronic na nkwakọ ngwaahịa, na ngwa nke aluminum recycled na ụlọ ọrụ ụgbọ ala ga-aga n'ihu na-agbasawanye..
Ụlọ ọrụ aluminom nke abụọ nwere njirimara nke ịchekwa ihe onwunwe, na-ebelata ịdabere na mpụga nke aluminom, nchebe gburugburu ebe obibi na uru akụ na ụba.Ọganihu ahụike nke ụlọ ọrụ aluminom nke abụọ, nke nwere nnukwu akụ na ụba, mmekọrịta mmadụ na ibe ya na gburugburu ebe obibi, agbawo ume na nkwado siri ike site na atumatu mba, ọ ga-abụkwa onye mmeri kachasị ukwuu n'ihe gbasara nnọpụiche carbon.
E jiri ya tụnyere aluminum electrolytic, mmepụta aluminom nke abụọ na-echekwa ala nke ukwuu, akụrụngwa ike mmiri, nke atumatu mba na-akwado, ma na-enyekwa ohere mmepe.Usoro mmepụta nke aluminom electrolytic nwere ike oriri dị elu.N'iji ya tụnyere mmepụta nke otu ego nke electrolytic aluminum, mmepụta nke 1 ton nke aluminom recycled na-echekwa 3.4 tọn nke coal ọkọlọtọ, 14 cubic mita, na 20 tọn nke ihe mkpofu siri ike.
Ụlọ ọrụ aluminom nke abụọ bụ akụkụ nke ihe ndị a na-emegharị emegharị na akụ na ụba okirikiri, ma depụta ya dị ka ụlọ ọrụ agbamume, nke na-enyere aka maka mmepụta ụlọ ọrụ iji nweta nkwado iwu mba n'ihe gbasara nkwenye ọrụ, ego na iji ala mee ihe.N'otu oge ahụ, steeti ewepụtala amụma ndị dị mkpa iji meziwanye gburugburu ahịa ahịa, kpochaa ụlọ ọrụ na-erughị eru na ụlọ ọrụ aluminom nke abụọ, ma wepụ ikike mmepụta azụ azụ na ụlọ ọrụ ahụ, na-ekpochapụ ụzọ maka mmepe ahụike nke ụlọ ọrụ aluminom nke abụọ.
Oge nzipu: Jul-21-2022