Akụrụngwa nke Aluminom
Ọtụtụ ndị mmadụ na-echekarị na ígwè bụ ígwè kasị ukwuu na mbara ụwa. N'ezie, aluminom bụ ígwè kasị ukwuu n'ime ụwa, na-esote ígwè. Aluminom na-akpata 7.45% nke ngụkọta arọ nke eriri ụwa, ihe fọrọ nke nta ka ọ bụrụ ugboro abụọ. dị ka ígwè! Ụwa jupụtara aluminom ogige, dị ka ndị nkịtị ala, nke nwere otutu aluminum oxide, Al2O3.The kasị mkpa ore bụ bauxite.The omume nke bauxite n'ụwa nwere ike roughly kewara ụzọ atọ: Cenozoic Nkwụnye ego ikpeazụ na nkume silicic, nke na-aza ihe dị ka 80% nke mkpokọta ụwa; Nkwụnye ego Paleozoic karstic na-eme n'elu nkume carbonate bụ ihe dị ka 12% nke mkpokọta zuru ụwa ọnụ; Nkwụnye ego Paleozoic (ma ọ bụ Mesozoic) Chihewen, nke na-eme n'elu terrane, nwere ihe dịka 2% nke mkpokọta mba ụwa.
Njirimara aluminom
Aluminom bụ ọla ọcha na nke nwere ike ime ka ọ bụrụ onye otu kemịkalụ boron.
Aluminom aghọwo ihe a na-ejikarị eme ihe na-adịghị ferrous n'ihi nkwụsị nke corrosion n'ihi passivation, obere njupụta, obere esemokwu na ọchịchọ ya ịmepụta alloys dị iche iche chemical ọcha dị ka ọla kọpa, zinc, manganese, silicon na magnesium, nke nwere nnukwu ihe. mma n'ibu Njirimara.Aluminom bụ a na-eto eto metal nke na-adịghị adị na ọdịdị dị ka elemental ala, ma n'ụdị compound aluminum oxide (Al2O3).Al2O3 nwere ebe mgbaze dị elu ma ọ dịghị mfe ibelata, nke na-eme ka aluminom chọpụta n'oge. Na 1825, ọkà mmụta sayensị Danish Ostete belatara aluminum chloride anhydrous na potassium amalgam, milligrams ole na ole nke aluminom ígwè.
N'afọ 1954, ọkà mmụta sayensị France bụ De Vere nwere ihe ịga nke ọma n'iji usoro mgbanaka sodium mee ihe iji nweta aluminum metal, ma aluminum metal aluminom nke usoro kemịkal na-emepụta dị ọnụ karịa ọla edo, a na-ejikwa ya maka mmepụta okpu agha, tableware, ihe egwuregwu ụmụaka na ihe ndị ọzọ bara uru nke Napoleon na-eji. Ezinụlọ eze. Site na mmepụta nke usoro mgbaze Hall-Heru na usoro Bayer maka ịmepụta alumina, aluminom malitere iji ya mee ihe na njedebe narị afọ nke 19. Ruo taa, ụzọ abụọ a ka bụ isi (n'ezie ọ fọrọ nke nta ka ọ bụrụ naanị). usoro maka imepụta aluminom na aluminom.
Usoro mmepụta aluminom
Aluminom bụ ọdịnaya bara ụba nke ukwuu na mmewere eke, ụlọ ọrụ bụ isi maka bauxite ore, bauxite site na usoro bayer dị ka usoro nchacha nke alumina, alumina site na aluminom electrolytic na-agbaze dị ka (nke a makwaara dị ka aluminom), yabụ ụlọ ọrụ aluminom na agbụ ụlọ ọrụ dị elu. nwere ike kewaa n'ime bauxite mining, alumina refining - atọ njikọ dị ka aluminum smelting, n'ozuzu, anọ tọn bauxite nwere ike na-emepụta abụọ tọn alumina, nke n'aka nke ya nwere ike na-emepụta otu ton nke isi aluminum.
Oge nzipu: Ọktoba 15-2021